Table of Contents
- 1.1 安装概述
- 1.2 MiniKube在线环境
- 2.1 环境说明和准备
- 2.2 安装Docker环境
- 2.3 安装kubeadm组件
- 2.4 导入kubernetes镜像
- 2.5 kubeadm初始化集群
- 2.6 验证kubernetes组件
- 2.7 配置kubectl命令补全
写在前面 #
本章是kubernetes系列教程第二篇，要深入学习kubernetes，首先需要有一个k8s环境，然而，受制硬件环境，网络环境等因素，要搭建一个环境有一定的困难，让很多初学者望而却步，本章主要介绍通过kubeadm安装工具部署kubernetes集群，考虑到国内网络限制，已将安装镜像通过跳板机下载到本地，方便大家离线安装。
1. MiniKube快速部署环境 #
1.1 安装概述 #
要学习kubernetes，首先需要有一个kubernetes集群，社区为了满足不同场景下，提供了不同的安装方法以适应各种场景需求，常见方法有：
- MiniKube，是一个将kubernetes单节点安装在本地虚拟化工具，MiniKube安装文档
- 二进制安装，通过已编译好的二进制文件安装，需设置参数，可定制化强，安装难度大
- Kubeadm，一个自动化安装工具，以镜像的方式部署，使用简单，镜像在谷歌仓库，下载易失败
对于学习环境，Katacoda提供了一个在线的MiniKube环境，只需在控制台启用即可使用，当然也可以将MiniKube下载到本地使用。对于生产环境，推荐使用二进制安装或者Kubeadm，新版kubeadm目前已将kubernetes管理组件以pod的形式部署在集群中，不管用哪种方式，受限于GFW，大部分镜像下载，大家自行补脑和解决，本文以离线的方式安装部署，根据安装版本下载对应的安装镜像倒入系统即可。
1.2 MiniKube在线环境 #
Katacoda使用MiniKube提供了一个在线部署kubernetres环境，当然也可以基于MiniKube本地安装，如果是初学者想初探一下kubernetes的功能，可以使用Katacoda提供的线上环境，达到快速入门学习的目的。参考文档，直接在Hello MiniKube文档中点击Open terminal即可自动创建一个kubernetes环境，其会自动拉取镜像并部署所需环境。
如上图所示，MiniKube的提供的优点如下：
- 快捷，自动部署环境
- 无需占用本地资源
- 适用于学习环境
2 kubeadm部署k8s集群 #
2.1 环境说明和准备 #
【软件版本】
| 软件名 | 软件版本 |
|---|---|
| OS | CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) |
| Docker | docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7 |
| Kubernetes | 1.14.1 |
| Kubeadm | kubeadm-1.14.1-0.x86_64 |
| etcd | 3.3.10 |
| flannel | v0.11.0 |
【环境说明】
三台机器均为腾讯云上购买的CVM（Cloud Virtual Machine），机器配置是2vcpu+4G memory+50G disk
| 主机名 | 角色 | IP地址 | 软件 |
|---|---|---|---|
| node-1 | master | 10.254.100.101 | docker,kubelet,etcd,kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler |
| node-2 | worker | 10.254.100.102 | docker,kubelet,kube-proxy,flannel |
| node-3 | worker | 10.254.100.103 | docker,kubelet,kube-proxy,flannel |
【环境准备】
1、设置主机名，其他两个节点类似设置
1root@VM_100_101_centos ~# hostnamectl set-hostname node-1
2root@VM_100_101_centos ~# hostname
3node-1
2、设置hosts文件，其他两个节点设置相同内容
1root@node-1 ~# vim /etc/hosts
2127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
310.254.100.101 node-1
410.254.100.102 node-2
510.254.100.103 node-3
3、设置SSH无密码登录，并通过ssh-copy-id将公钥拷贝到对端
1#生成密钥对
2root@node-1 .ssh# ssh-keygen -P ''
3Generating public/private rsa key pair.
4Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
5Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
6Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
7The key fingerprint is:
8SHA256:zultDMEL8bZmpbUjQahVjthVAcEkN929w5EkUmPkOrU root@node-1
9The key's randomart image is:
10+---RSA 2048----+
11| .=O=+=o.. |
12| o+o..+.o+ |
13| .oo=. o. o |
14| . . * oo .+ |
15| oSOo.E . |
16| oO.o. |
17| o++ . |
18| . .o |
19| ... |
20+----SHA256-----+
21
22#拷贝公钥到node-2和node-3节点
23root@node-1 .ssh# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub node-2:
24/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
25The authenticity of host 'node-1 (10.254.100.101)' can't be established.
26ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:jLUH0exgyJdsy0frw9R+FiWy+0o54LgB6dgVdfc6SEE.
27ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:f4:86:a8:0e:a6:03:fc:a6:04:df:91:d8:7a:a7:0d:9e.
28Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
29/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
30/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
31root@node-1's password:
32Number of key(s) added: 1
33Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'node-2'"
34and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
4、关闭防火墙和SElinux
1[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
2[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
3[root@node-1 ~]# sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ s/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
4[root@node-1 ~]# setenforce 0
2.2 安装Docker环境 #
1、下载docker的yum源
1[root@node-1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
2[root@node-1 ~]# wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
2、设置cgroup driver类型为systemd
1[root@node-1 ~]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
2> {
3> "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
4> "log-driver": "json-file",
5> "log-opts": {
6> "max-size": "100m"
7> },
8> "storage-driver": "overlay2",
9> "storage-opts": [
10> "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
11> ]
12> }
13> EOF
3、启动docker服务并验证，可以通过docker info查看docker安装的版本等信息
1[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl restart docker
2[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl enable docker
备注：如果机器不具备上网条件，或者访问docker的yum源仓库很慢，我已将docker相关rpm包依赖包下载到腾讯云cos中，下载链接，可以下载到本地，然后解压缩然后运行yum localinstall进行安装。
2.3 安装kubeadm组件 #
1、安装kubernetes源，国内可以使用阿里的kubernetes源，速度会快一点
1[root@node-1 ~]#cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
2[kubernetes]
3name=Kubernetes
4baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
5enabled=1
6gpgcheck=1
7repo_gpgcheck=1
8gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
9EOF
2、安装kubeadm，kubelet，kubectl，会自动安装几个重要依赖包：socat，cri-tools，cni等包
1[root@node-1 ~]# yum install kubeadm-1.14.1-0 kubectl-1.14.1-0 kubelet-1.14.1-0 --disableexcludes=kubernetes -y
3、设置iptables网桥参数
1[root@node-1 ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
2> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
3> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
4> EOF
5
6[root@node-1 ~]# sysctl --system,然后使用sysctl -a|grep 参数的方式验证是否生效
4、重新启动kubelet服务，使配置生效
1[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet
2[root@node-1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
备注：如果本地下载很慢或者无法下载kubernetes中yum源rpm包，可以通过离线方式下载，下载路径
2.4 导入kubernetes镜像 #
1、从cos中下载kubernetes安装镜像，并通过docker load命令将镜像导入到环境中
1[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i etcd:3.3.10.tar
2[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i pause:3.1.tar
3[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i coredns:1.3.1.tar
4[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i flannel:v0.11.0-amd64.tar
5[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i kube-apiserver:v1.14.1.tar
6[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i kube-controller-manager:v1.14.1.tar
7[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i kube-scheduler:v1.14.1.tar
8[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image load -i kube-proxy:v1.14.1.tar
2、检查镜像列表
1[root@node-1 v1.14.1]# docker image list
2REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
3k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy v1.14.1 20a2d7035165 3 months ago 82.1MB
4k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver v1.14.1 cfaa4ad74c37 3 months ago 210MB
5k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler v1.14.1 8931473d5bdb 3 months ago 81.6MB
6k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager v1.14.1 efb3887b411d 3 months ago 158MB
7quay.io/coreos/flannel v0.11.0-amd64 ff281650a721 6 months ago 52.6MB
8k8s.gcr.io/coredns 1.3.1 eb516548c180 6 months ago 40.3MB
9k8s.gcr.io/etcd 3.3.10 2c4adeb21b4f 8 months ago 258MB
10k8s.gcr.io/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 19 months ago 742kB
2.5 kubeadm初始化集群 #
1、 kubeadm初始化集群，需要设置初始参数
- --pod-network-cidr指定pod使用的网段，设置值根据不同的网络plugin选择，本文以flannel为例设置值为10.244.0.0/16
- container runtime可以通过--cri-socket指定socket文件所属路径
- 如果有多个网卡可以通过--apiserver-advertise-address指定master地址，默认会选择访问外网的ip
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address 10.254.100.101 --apiserver-bind-port 6443 --kubernetes-version 1.14.1 --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16
2[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.14.1
3[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
4 [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 18.03.1-ce. Latest validated version: 18.09
5[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
6[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
7[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'#下载镜像
8[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
9[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
10[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
11[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"#生成CA等证书
12[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
13[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
14[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [node-1 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 10.254.100.101]
15[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
16[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
17[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
18[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [node-1 localhost] and IPs [10.254.100.101 127.0.0.1 ::1]
19[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
20[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
21[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [node-1 localhost] and IPs [10.254.100.101 127.0.0.1 ::1]
22[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
23[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
24[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
25[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
26[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
27[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
28[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
29[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
30[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
31[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"#生成master节点静态pod配置文件
32[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
33[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
34[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
35[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
36[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
37[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 18.012370 seconds
38[upload-config] storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
39[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.14" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
40[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --experimental-upload-certs
41[mark-control-plane] Marking the node node-1 as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
42[mark-control-plane] Marking the node node-1 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
43[bootstrap-token] Using token: r8n5f2.9mic7opmrwjakled
44[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles#配置RBAC授权
45[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
46[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
47[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
48[bootstrap-token] creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
49[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
50[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
51Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
52To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
53 mkdir -p $HOME/.kube #配置环境变量配置文件
54 sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
55 sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
56You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
57Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: #安装网络插件
58 https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
59Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
60kubeadm join 10.254.100.101:6443 --token r8n5f2.9mic7opmrwjakled \ #添加节点命令，优先记录下来
61 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:16e383c8abff6233021331944080087f0514ddd15d96c65d19443b0af02d64ab
通过kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address 10.254.100.101 --apiserver-bind-port 6443 --kubernetes-version 1.14.1 --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16安装命令，显示了kubeadm安装过程中的一些重要步骤：下载镜像，生成证书，生成配置文件，配置RBAC授权认证，配置环境变量，安装网络插件指引，添加node指引配置文件。
2、生成kubectl环境配置文件
1[root@node-1 ~]# mkdir /root/.kube
2[root@node-1 ~]# cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config
3[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
4NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
5node-1 NotReady master 6m29s v1.14.1
3、添加node节点，将另外两个节点加入到集群中，复制上述的添加节点命令到指定节点添加即可。
1[root@node-3 ~]# kubeadm join 10.254.100.101:6443 --token r8n5f2.9mic7opmrwjakled \
2> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:16e383c8abff6233021331944080087f0514ddd15d96c65d19443b0af02d64ab
3[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
4 [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 18.03.1-ce. Latest validated version: 18.09
5[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
6[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
7[kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.14" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
8[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
9[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
10[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
11[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
12
13This node has joined the cluster:
14* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
15* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
16
17Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
18
19以此类推到node-2节点添加即可，添加完之后通过kubectl get nodes验证，此时由于还没有安装网络plugin，
20所有的node节点均显示NotReady状态：
21[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
22NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
23node-1 NotReady master 16m v1.14.1
24node-2 NotReady <none> 4m34s v1.14.1
25node-3 NotReady <none> 2m10s v1.14.1
4、安装网络plugin，kubernetes支持多种类型网络插件，要求网络支持CNI插件即可，CNI是Container Network Interface，要求kubernetes的中pod网络访问方式：
- node和node之间网络互通
- pod和pod之间网络互通
- node和pod之间网络互通
不同的CNI plugin支持的特性有所差别。kubernetes支持多种开源的网络CNI插件，常见的有flannel、calico、canal、weave等，flannel是一种overlay的网络模型，通过vxlan隧道方式构建tunnel网络，实现k8s中网络的互联，后续在做介绍，如下是安装过程：
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/62e44c867a2846fefb68bd5f178daf4da3095ccb/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
2podsecuritypolicy.extensions/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
3clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
4clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
5serviceaccount/flannel created
6configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
7daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
8daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
9daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
10daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
11daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created
5、通过上述输出可知道，部署flannel 需要RBAC授权，配置configmap和daemonset，其中Daemonset能够适配各种类型的CPU架构，默认安装了多个，一般是adm64即可，可以将上述的url下载编辑，保留kube-flannel-ds-amd64这个daemonset即可，或者将其删除
1#查看flannel安装的daemonsets
2[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get daemonsets -n kube-system
3NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE NODE SELECTOR AGE
4kube-flannel-ds-amd64 3 3 3 3 3 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64 2m34s
5kube-flannel-ds-arm 0 0 0 0 0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=arm 2m34s
6kube-flannel-ds-arm64 0 0 0 0 0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=arm64 2m34s
7kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le 0 0 0 0 0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=ppc64le 2m34s
8kube-flannel-ds-s390x 0 0 0 0 0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=s390x 2m34s
9kube-proxy 3 3 3 3 3 <none> 30m
10
11#删除不需要的damonsets
12[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl delete daemonsets kube-flannel-ds-arm kube-flannel-ds-arm64 kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le kube-flannel-ds-s390x -n kube-system
13daemonset.extensions "kube-flannel-ds-arm" deleted
14daemonset.extensions "kube-flannel-ds-arm64" deleted
15daemonset.extensions "kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le" deleted
16daemonset.extensions "kube-flannel-ds-s390x" deleted
6、此时再验证node的安装情况,所有节点均已显示为Ready状态，安装完毕！
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
3node-1 Ready master 29m v1.14.1
4node-2 Ready <none> 17m v1.14.1
5node-3 Ready <none> 15m v1.14.1
2.6 验证kubernetes组件 #
1、验证node状态，获取当前安装节点，可以查看到状态， 角色，启动市场，版本，
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
3node-1 Ready master 46m v1.14.1
4node-2 Ready <none> 34m v1.14.1
5node-3 Ready <none> 32m v1.14.1
2、查看kubernetse服务组件状态,包括scheduler，controller-manager，etcd
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get componentstatuses
2NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
3scheduler Healthy ok
4controller-manager Healthy ok
5etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
3、查看pod的情况,master中的角色包括kube-apiserver，kube-scheduler，kube-controller-manager，etcd，coredns以pods形式部署在集群中，worker节点的kube-proxy也以pod的形式部署。实际上pod是以其他控制器如daemonset的形式控制的。
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
2NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
3coredns-fb8b8dccf-hrqm8 1/1 Running 0 50m
4coredns-fb8b8dccf-qwwks 1/1 Running 0 50m
5etcd-node-1 1/1 Running 0 48m
6kube-apiserver-node-1 1/1 Running 0 49m
7kube-controller-manager-node-1 1/1 Running 0 49m
8kube-proxy-lfckv 1/1 Running 0 38m
9kube-proxy-x5t6r 1/1 Running 0 50m
10kube-proxy-x8zqh 1/1 Running 0 36m
11kube-scheduler-node-1 1/1 Running 0 49m
2.7 配置kubectl命令补全 #
使用kubectl和kubernetes交互时候可以使用缩写模式也可以使用完整模式，如kubectl get nodes和kubectl get no能实现一样的效果，为了提高工作效率，可以使用命令补全的方式加快工作效率。
1、生成kubectl bash命令行补全shell
1[root@node-1 ~]# kubectl completion bash >/etc/kubernetes/kubectl.sh
2[root@node-1 ~]# echo "source /etc/kubernetes/kubectl.sh" >>/root/.bashrc
3[root@node-1 ~]# cat /root/.bashrc
4# .bashrc
5
6# User specific aliases and functions
7
8alias rm='rm -i'
9alias cp='cp -i'
10alias mv='mv -i'
11
12# Source global definitions
13if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
14 . /etc/bashrc
15fi
16source /etc/kubernetes/kubectl.sh #添加环境变量配置
2、加载shell环境变量，使配置生效
1[root@node-1 ~]# source /etc/kubernetes/kubectl.sh
3、校验命令行补全，命令行中输入kubectl get co再按TAB键就能自动补全了
1[root@node-1~]# kubectl get co componentstatuses configmaps controllerrevisions.apps
2[root@node-1~]# kubectl get componentstatuses
除了支持命令行补全之外，kubectl还支持命令简写，如下是一些常见的命令行检测操作,更多通过kubectl api-resources命令获取，SHORTNAMES显示的是子命令中的简短用法。
- kubectl get componentstatuses，简写kubectl get cs获取组件状态
- kubectl get nodes，简写kubectl get no获取node节点列表
- kubectl get services，简写kubectl get svc获取服务列表
- kubectl get deployments,简写kubectl get deploy获取deployment列表
- kubectl get statefulsets,简写kubectl get sts获取有状态服务列表
参考文档 #
- Container Runtime安装文档：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/
- kubeadm安装：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/
- 初始化kubeadm集群：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/#pod-network
『 转载 』该文章来源于网络，侵删。